User:Hirmuolio Pine/sandbox3

Extra reading: www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb18-1/tb54becc.pdf

Useful [math]\LaTeX[/math] knowledge

• Spaces do not do anything. Use plenty of them to make the commands easy to read
  • This here has 17 spaces in it (visible only in editor): <math> a = b + c </math> [math] a = b + c [/math]

• \text{} makes spaces visible and text into roman.
  • <math> \text{This is like normal text} = This is math text </math> [math] \text{This is like normal text} = This is math text [/math]
  • \mathrm is similar but does not remove spaces. <math> \mathrm{arc sinh} </math> [math] \mathrm{arc sinh} [/math]

• \rm will make the whole thing to be in roman instead of italic. Spaces will still be removed.
  • <math> \rm Velocity = S p e e d </math> [math] \rm Velocity = S p e e d[/math]
  • {} can be used to limit its scope. <math> { \rm Roman } = Italic</math> [math] { \rm Roman } = Italic[/math]

• "\ " adds single space.
  • <math> abb \ b\ b\ b </math> [math] abb \ b\ b\ b [/math]

• "\," adds single thin space
  • <math> abb \,b\,b\,b </math> [math] abb \,b\,b\,b [/math]

• \displaystyle makes tall equations bigger and more beautiful. Will apply on things like sums and fractions.
  • <math> a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k </math> [math] a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k [/math]
  • <math> \displaystyle a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k </math> [math] \displaystyle a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k [/math]

• \large, \Large and \LARGE make text bigger. Like with \rm use {} to limit their scope. These help with things nested in exponents as exponent makes things smaller.
  • <math> a^{\Large \frac{b}{c} } </math> [math] a^{\Large \frac{b}{c} } [/math]. Compare to [math] a^{\frac{b}{c} } [/math]

• Long equations can be split to multiple separate <math> lines. It will look the same as if it was written in one go.
  • <math> a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a+b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b </math> [math] a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a+b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b [/math]
  • <math> a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a </math>
    <math> +b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b </math> [math] a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a [/math][math] +b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b [/math]

Style

Style guidelines for math vary by location and field. Don't worry about them too much. Being consistent, unambiguous and readable is more important than to follow guidelines.

• Variables and letters that represent values should be in italic.
• Text should be in roman. Text variables are not exactly proper thing to do but they are fine in our wiki.
• Constant should be in roman. But this is often broken on things like [math]e[/math] and [math]\pi[/math].
  • Constants that are not exactly constant are in italic. For example charge of electron is "constant" but the measured value can change and is therefore in italic [math]e[/math].
• Multiletter variables are bad idea and should be avoided. If they are more like words (for example acronyms) use roman, otherwise use italic.
• Sub and superscripts that represent quantities should be italic. Otherwise they should be roman. For example [math] V_{\rm max}[/math] (max is roman) but [math] V_{n+1}[/math] (n is italic)
• Mathematical operators and special functions are in roman. Usually this happens automatically. For example [math] \sin\alpha [/math] (<math> \sin\alpha </math>). But some operators will require manually setting. For example [math] \frac{ \mathrm{d} x }{ \mathrm{d} t} [/math] (<math> \frac{ \mathrm{d} x }{ \mathrm{d} t} </math>) and [math] \mathrm{arcsinh}\,\alpha [/math] (<math> \mathrm{arcsinh}\,\alpha </math>).
• Single letter functions you define are italic. [math] f(x) [/math]
• But multi letter named functions are in roman. [math] \mathrm{func}(x) [/math]
• Units are in roman and separated from numbers by a space. [math] h = \frac{ E }{ m \times 9.81 \ {\rm m/s^2} } [/math] (<math> h = \frac{ E }{ m \times 9.81 \ {\rm m/s^2} } </math>)
• Do not use "*" symbol for multiplication. Use \times insted. [math] 3 \times 2 = 6 [/math]