User:Hirmuolio Pine/sandbox3

Useful [math]\LaTeX[/math] knowledge

• Spaces do not do anything. Use plenty of them to make the commands easy to read
  • This here has 17 spaces in it (visible only in editor): <math> a = b + c </math> [math] a = b + c [/math]

• \text{} makes spaces visible and text into roman.
  • <math> \text{This is like normal text} = This is math text </math> [math] \text{This is like normal text} = This is math text [/math]
  • \mathrm is similar but does not remove spaces. <math> \mathrm{arc sinh} </math> [math] \mathrm{arc sinh} [/math]

• \rm will make the whole thing to be in roman instead of italic. Spaces will still be removed.
  • <math> \rm Velocity = S p e e d </math> [math] \rm Velocity = S p e e d[/math]
  • {} can be used to limit its scope. <math> { \rm Roman } = Italic</math> [math] { \rm Roman } = Italic[/math]

• "\ " adds single space.
  • <math> abb \ b\ b\ b </math> [math] abb \ b\ b\ b [/math]

• "\," adds single thin space
  • <math> abb \,b\,b\,b </math> [math] abb \,b\,b\,b [/math]

• \displaystyle makes tall equations bigger and more beautiful. Will apply on things like sums and fractions.
  • <math> a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k </math> [math] a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k [/math]
  • <math> \displaystyle a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k </math> [math] \displaystyle a= \frac{b}{c} + \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k [/math]

• \large, \Large and \LARGE make text bigger. Like with \rm use {} to limit their scope. These help with things nested in exponents as exponent makes things smaller.
  • <math> a^{\Large \frac{b}{c} } </math> [math] a^{\Large \frac{b}{c} } [/math]. Compare to [math] a^{\frac{b}{c} } [/math]

• Long equations can be split to multiple separate <math> lines. It will look the same as if it was written in one go.
  • <math> a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a+b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b </math> [math] a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a+b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b [/math]
  • <math> a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a </math>
    <math> +b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b </math> [math] a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a+a++a+a+a+a [/math][math] +b+b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b++b+b+b+b+b [/math]

Style

Style guidelines for math vary by location and field. Don't worry about them too much. Being consistent, unambiguous and readable is more important than strictly following guidelines.

If you have time you can read Type setting mathematics for science and technology according to ISO 31/XI. Some of the main points are listed below:

• Variables and letters that represent values should be in italic.
  • Multiletter variables are bad idea and should be avoided. If they are more like words (for example acronyms) use roman, otherwise use italic.
  • Text should be in roman. Text variables are not exactly proper thing to do but they are fine in our wiki.
• Mathematical constants should be in roman. But this is often broken on things like [math]e[/math] and [math]\pi[/math].
  • Constants that are not exactly constant are in italic. For example charge of electron is "constant" but it is a measuread value and the measured value is not absolute and can change and is therefore in italic [math]e[/math].
• Sub and superscripts that represent quantities should be italic. Otherwise they should be roman. For example [math] V_{\rm max}[/math] (max is roman) but [math] V_{n+1}[/math] (n is italic).
• Mathematical operators and special functions are in roman. Usually this happens automatically. For example [math] \sin\alpha [/math] (<math> \sin\alpha </math>). But some operators will require manually setting. For example [math] \frac{ \mathrm{d} x }{ \mathrm{d} t} [/math] (<math> \frac{ \mathrm{d} x }{ \mathrm{d} t} </math>) and [math] \mathrm{arcsinh}\,\alpha [/math] (<math> \mathrm{arcsinh}\,\alpha </math>).
• Single letter functions you define are italic. For example [math] f(x) [/math].
  • But multi letter named functions are in roman. For example [math] \mathrm{func}(x) [/math].
• Units are in roman and separated from numbers by a unbreakable thin space "\,". [math] h = \frac{ E }{ m \times 9.81 \ {\rm m/s^2} } [/math] (<math> h = \frac{ E }{ m \times 9.81 \ {\rm m/s^2} } </math>)
• Do not use "*" symbol for multiplication. Use "\times" insted. [math] 3 \times 2 = 6 [/math]