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== Common mathematical symbols == | == Common mathematical symbols == | ||
{{see also|UniWiki:Manual of Style/Mathematics}} | |||
{{see also| | |||
* For a negative sign or subtraction operator, use a minus sign ({{xt|−}}, Unicode character U+2212 <small>MINUS SIGN</small>). Input by clicking on it in the insert box beneath the edit window or by typing <code>&minus;</code>. | * For a negative sign or subtraction operator, use a minus sign ({{xt|−}}, Unicode character U+2212 <small>MINUS SIGN</small>). Input by clicking on it in the insert box beneath the edit window or by typing <code>&minus;</code>. | ||
* For a multiplication sign between numbers, use {{xt|×}} (Unicode character U+00D7 <small>MULTIPLICATION SIGN</small>), which is input by clicking on it in the edit toolbox under the edit window or by typing <code>&times;</code>. The letter {{xt|x}} should not be used to indicate multiplication, but it is used (unspaced) as the substitute for "by" in terms such as {{xt|[[4x4]]}}. | * For a multiplication sign between numbers, use {{xt|×}} (Unicode character U+00D7 <small>MULTIPLICATION SIGN</small>), which is input by clicking on it in the edit toolbox under the edit window or by typing <code>&times;</code>. The letter {{xt|x}} should not be used to indicate multiplication, but it is used (unspaced) as the substitute for "by" in terms such as {{xt|[[4x4]]}}. | ||
* [[Exponentiation]] is indicated by a superscript, {{xt| | * [[Wikipedia:Exponentiation|Exponentiation]] is indicated by a superscript, {{xt|''a''<sup>''n''</sup>}} (typed as <code><nowiki>''a''<sup>''n''</sup></nowiki></code>. [[Wikipedia:Exponential notation|Exponential notation]] can be spaced or unspaced, depending on circumstances. | ||
* Do not use programming language notation outside computer program listings. In most programming languages, subtraction, multiplication, and exponentiation are respectively represented by the [[hyphen-minus]] <code>-</code>, the [[asterisk]] <code>*</code>, and either the [[caret]] <code>^</code> or the double asterisk <code>**</code>, and [[scientific notation]] is replaced by [[E notation]]. | * Do not use programming language notation outside computer program listings. In most programming languages, subtraction, multiplication, and exponentiation are respectively represented by the [[Wikipedia:Hyphen-minus|hyphen-minus]] <code>-</code>, the [[Wikipedia:Asterisk|asterisk]] <code>*</code>, and either the [[Wikipedia:Caret|caret]] <code>^</code> or the double asterisk <code>**</code>, and [[Wikipedia:Scientific notation|scientific notation]] is replaced by [[Wikipedia:E notation|E notation]]. | ||
* Symbols for [[binary | * Symbols for [[Wikipedia:Binary operator|binary operators]] and [[Wikipedia:Binary relation|relations]] are spaced on both sides: | ||
** plus, minus, and plus-or-minus (as binary operators): {{xt|+}}, {{xt|−}}, {{xt|±}} (as in {{xt|5 − 3}}); | ** plus, minus, and plus-or-minus (as binary operators): {{xt|+}}, {{xt|−}}, {{xt|±}} (as in {{xt|5 − 3}}); | ||
** multiplication and division: {{xt|×}}, {{xt|÷}}; | ** multiplication and division: {{xt|×}}, {{xt|÷}}; | ||
** equals, does not equal, equals approximately: {{xt| | ** equals, does not equal, equals approximately: {{xt|<nowiki>=</nowiki>}}, {{xt|≠}}, {{xt|≈}}; | ||
** is less than, is less than or equal to, is greater than, is greater than or equal to: {{xt|<}}, {{xt|≤}}, {{xt|>}}, {{xt|≥}}. | ** is less than, is less than or equal to, is greater than, is greater than or equal to: {{xt|<}}, {{xt|≤}}, {{xt|>}}, {{xt|≥}}. | ||
* Symbols for [[unary | * Symbols for [[Wikipedia:Unary operator|unary operators]] are closed-up to their operand: | ||
** positive, negative, and positive-or-negative signs: {{xt|+}}, {{xt|−}}, {{xt|±}} (as in {{xt|−3}}); | ** positive, negative, and positive-or-negative signs: {{xt|+}}, {{xt|−}}, {{xt|±}} (as in {{xt|−3}}); | ||
** other unary operators, such as the exclamation mark as a [[factorial]] sign (as in {{xt|5!}}). | ** other unary operators, such as the exclamation mark as a [[Wikipedia:Factorial|factorial]] sign (as in {{xt|5!}}). | ||
* Variables are italicized, but digits and punctuation are not; only | * Variables are italicized, but digits and punctuation are not; only ''x'' and ''y'' are italicized in {{xt|2(5''x'' + ''y'')<sup>2</sup>}}. The [[Wikipedia:Semantic HTML|semantic HTML]] element {{tag|var}} can be used to distinguish variables from other uses of italics, as illustrated in the code example above. | ||
== Grammar and usage == | == Grammar and usage == | ||