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UniWiki:Manual of Style/Lead section: Difference between revisions

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====Format of the first sentence====
====Format of the first sentence====
{{Shortcut|WP:BOLDTITLE|MOS:BOLDTITLE}}{{Anchor|Bold title}}
{{See also|UniWiki:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Boldface}}, ''[[Wikipedia:WP:Superfluous bolding explained|Wikipedia:Superfluous bolding explained]]
{{See also|MOS:BOLD|WP:Superfluous bolding explained}}
If an [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Article titles|article's title]] is a formal or widely accepted name for the subject, display it in bold as early as possible in the first sentence:
If an [[Wikipedia:Article titles|article's title]] is a formal or widely accepted name for the subject, display it in bold as early as possible in the first sentence:
<blockquote>The '''electron''' is a [[Wikipedia:Subatomic particle|subatomic particle]] with a negative [[Wikipedia:Elementary charge|elementary]] [[Wikipedia:Electric charge|electric charge]]. ([[Wikipedia:Electron|Electron]])
<blockquote>The '''electron''' is a [[subatomic particle]] with a negative [[elementary charge|elementary]] [[electric charge]]. ([[Electron]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
Otherwise, include the title if it can be accommodated in normal English:
Otherwise, include the title if it can be accommodated in normal English:
<blockquote>The '''inaugural games of the Flavian Amphitheatre''' were held in [[Anno Domini|AD]]&nbsp;80. ([[Inaugural games of the Flavian Amphitheatre]])
<blockquote>The '''inaugural games of the Flavian Amphitheatre''' were held in [[Wikipedia:Anno Domini|AD]]&nbsp;80. ([[Wikipedia:Inaugural games of teh Flavian Amphitheatre|Inaugural games of the Flavian Amphitheatre]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
{{anchor|alt}}{{Anchor#|MOSBOLDSYN}}{{anchor|Abbreviations and synonyms}}{{Shortcut|MOS:BOLDSYN}}
Only the first occurrence of the title and significant [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Article titles#Treatment of alternative names|alternative titles]] (which should usually also [[Wikipedia:WP:Redirect|redirect]] to the article) are placed in bold:
Only the first occurrence of the title and significant [[Wikipedia:Article titles#Treatment of alternative names|alternative titles]] (which should usually also [[WP:Redirect|redirect]] to the article) are placed in bold:
<blockquote>'''Mumbai''', also known as '''Bombay''', is the capital of the [[Wikipedia:India|Indian]] state of [[Wikipedia:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]. ([[Wikipedia:Mumbai|Mumbai]])
<blockquote>'''Mumbai''', also known as '''Bombay''', is the capital of the [[India]]n state of [[Maharashtra]]. ([[Mumbai]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
Common abbreviations (in parentheses) are considered significant [[#Alternative names|alternative names]] in this sense:
Common abbreviations (in parentheses) are considered significant [[#Alternative names|alternative names]] in this sense:
<blockquote>The '''International Music Score Library Project''' ('''IMSLP'''), also known as the '''Petrucci Music Library''' after publisher [[Ottaviano Petrucci]], is a&nbsp;... ([[International Music Score Library Project]])
<blockquote>The '''International Music Score Library Project''' ('''IMSLP'''), also known as the '''Petrucci Music Library''' after publisher [[Wikipedia:Ottaviano Petrucci|Ottaviano Petrucci]], is a&nbsp;... ([[Wikipedia:International Music Score Library Project|International Music Score Library Project]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


If an article is about an event involving a subject about which there is no main article, especially if the article is the [[WP:R#PLA|target of a redirect]], the subject should be in bold:
If an article is about an event involving a subject about which there is no main article, especially if the article is the [[Wikipedia:WP:R#PLA|target of a redirect]], the subject should be in bold:
<blockquote>[[File:Green check.svg|15px|link=]] '''Azaria Chantel Loren Chamberlain''' (11 June 1980 – 17 August 1980) was an Australian baby girl who was killed by a dingo on the night of 17 August 1980 on a family camping trip to Uluru (at that date known as Ayers Rock) in the Northern Territory. ([[Death of Azaria Chamberlain]], redirected from Azaria Chamberlain)
<blockquote>'''Azaria Chantel Loren Chamberlain''' (11 June 1980 – 17 August 1980) was an Australian baby girl who was killed by a dingo on the night of 17 August 1980 on a family camping trip to Uluru (at that date known as Ayers Rock) in the Northern Territory. ([[Wikipedia:Death of Azaria Chamberlain|Death of Azaria Chamberlain]], redirected from Azaria Chamberlain)
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


=====Avoid these common mistakes=====
=====Avoid these common mistakes=====
{{shortcut|MOS:BOLDAVOID|WP:BOLDAVOID}}
Links should not be placed in the [[Wikipedia:Emphasis (typography)#Methods and use|boldface]] reiteration of the title in the opening sentence of a lead:<ref>Many, but not all, articles repeat the article title in bold face in the first line of the article. Linking the article to itself produces '''boldface text'''; this practice is discouraged as page moves will result in a useless circular link through a redirect. Linking ''part'' of the bolded text is also discouraged because it changes the visual effect of bolding; some readers will miss the visual cue which is the purpose of using bold face in the first place.</ref><ref>Disambiguation pages are navigational aides rather than articles and where there is a primary topic for a term, the introductory line for that term's disambiguation page does typically have that term both linked and bolded; see [[UniWiki:Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages#Linking to a primary topic|UMoS:Linking to a primary topic]]</ref>
Links should not be placed in the [[emphasis (typography)#Methods and use|boldface]] reiteration of the title in the opening sentence of a lead:<ref>Many, but not all, articles repeat the article title in bold face in the first line of the article. Linking the article to itself produces '''boldface text'''; this practice is discouraged as page moves will result in a useless circular link through a redirect. Linking ''part'' of the bolded text is also discouraged because it changes the visual effect of bolding; some readers will miss the visual cue which is the purpose of using bold face in the first place.</ref><ref>Disambiguation pages are navigational aides rather than articles and where there is a primary topic for a term, the introductory line for that term's disambiguation page does typically have that term both linked and bolded; see [[MOS:DABPRIMARY]]</ref>


<blockquote>[[File:Red x.svg|15px|link=]] The '''[[Babe Ruth]] Award''' is given annually to the [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) player with the best performance in the [[Major League Baseball postseason|postseason]].  
<blockquote>{{notthis|The '''[[Babe Ruth]] Award''' is given annually to the [[Wikipedia:Major League Baseball|Major League Baseball]] (MLB) player with the best performance in the [[Wikipedia:Major League Baseball postseason|postseason]].}}
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>[[File:Green check.svg|15px|link=]] The '''Babe Ruth Award''' is given annually to the [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) player with the best performance in the [[Major League Baseball postseason|postseason]]. The award, created  in honor of [[Babe Ruth]], was first awarded in 1949 to the MVP of the [[World Series]], one year after Ruth's death.</blockquote>
<blockquote>{{dothis|The '''Babe Ruth Award''' is given annually to the [[Wikipedia:Major League Baseball|Major League Baseball]] (MLB) player with the best performance in the [[Wikipedia:Major League Baseball postseason|postseason]]. The award, created  in honor of [[Wikipedia:Babe Ruth|Babe Ruth]], was first awarded in 1949 to the MVP of the [[Wikipedia:World Series|World Series]], one year after Ruth's death.}}</blockquote>


If the article's title does not lend itself to being used easily and naturally in the opening sentence, the wording should not be distorted in an effort to include it. Instead, simply describe the subject in normal English, avoiding redundancy.
If the article's title does not lend itself to being used easily and naturally in the opening sentence, the wording should not be distorted in an effort to include it. Instead, simply describe the subject in normal English, avoiding redundancy.
<blockquote>[[File:Red x.svg|15px|link=]] The '''2011 Mississippi River floods''' were a series of [[flood]]s affecting the [[Mississippi River]] in April and May 2011, which were among the largest and most damaging recorded along the [[U.S.]] waterway in the past century. ([[2011 Mississippi River floods]])
<blockquote>{{notthis|The '''2011 Mississippi River floods''' were a series of [[Wikipedia:Flood|floods]] affecting the [[Wikipedia:Mississippi River|Mississippi River]] in April and May 2011, which were among the largest and most damaging recorded along the [[Wikipedia:U.S.|U.S.]] waterway in the past century.}} ([[Wikipedia:2011 Mississippi River floods|2011 Mississippi River floods]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>[[File:Green check.svg|15px|link=]] The [[Mississippi River]] floods in April and May 2011 were among the largest and most damaging recorded along the [[U.S.]] waterway in the past century. ([[2011 Mississippi River floods]])
<blockquote>{{dothis|The [[Wikipedia:Mississippi River|Mississippi River]] floods in April and May 2011 were among the largest and most damaging recorded along the [[Wikipedia:U.S.|U.S.]] waterway in the past century.}} ([[Wikipedia:2011 Mississippi River floods|2011 Mississippi River floods]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
{{anchor|alt}}{{Anchor#|MOSTITLEABSENTBOLD}}{{anchor|Absent article title}}{{Shortcut|MOS:TITLEABSENTBOLD|WP:TITLEABSENTBOLD}}
In general, if the article's title is absent from the first sentence, do not apply the bold style to related text that ''does'' appear:
In general, if the article's title is absent from the first sentence, do not apply the bold style to related text that ''does'' appear:
<blockquote>[[File:Red x.svg|15px|link=]] '''The Beatles''' rise to prominence '''in the United States''' on February 7, 1964, was a significant development in the history of the [[The Beatles|band's]] commercial success. ([[The Beatles in the United States]])
<blockquote>{{notthis|'''The Beatles''' rise to prominence '''in the United States''' on February 7, 1964, was a significant development in the history of the [[Wikipedia:The Beatles|band's]] commercial success.}} ([[Wikipedia:The Beatles in the United States|The Beatles in the United States]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>[[File:Green check.svg|15px|link=]] [[The Beatles]]' rise to prominence in the United States in February 1964 was a significant development in the history of the band's commercial success. ([[The Beatles in the United States]])
<blockquote>{{dothis|[[Wikipedia:The Beatles|The Beatles]]' rise to prominence in the United States in February 1964 was a significant development in the history of the band's commercial success.}} ([[Wikipedia:The Beatles in the United States|The Beatles in the United States]])
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


(Disambiguation pages, however, use bolding for [[MOS:DABPRIMARY|the link to the primary topic]], if there is one.)
(Disambiguation pages, however, use bolding for [[UniWiki:Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages#Linking to a primary topic|the link to the primary topic]], if there is one.)
 
=====Proper names and titles=====
If the title of the page is normally [[Wikipedia:ITALICS|italicized]] (for example, a work of art, literature, album, or ship) then its first mention should be both bold and italic text; if it is usually surrounded by quotation marks, the title should be bold but the quotation marks should not be:
<blockquote>'''''Las Meninas''''' (Spanish for '''''The Maids of Honour''''') is a 1656 painting by [[Diego Velázquez]],&nbsp;...
</blockquote>
<blockquote>'''''The Good, the Bad and the Ugly''''' ({{lang-it|Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo}}) is a 1966 Italian [[epic film|epic]] [[Spaghetti western]] film&nbsp;...
</blockquote>
<blockquote>"'''Yesterday'''" is a [[pop music|pop]] song originally recorded by [[the Beatles]] for their 1965 album ''[[Help! (album)|Help!]]''
</blockquote>
 
=====Foreign language=====
{{shortcut|MOS:FORLANG}}
If the subject of the article is closely associated with a non-English language, a single foreign language equivalent name can be included in the lead sentence, usually in parentheses. For example, an article about a location in a non-English-speaking country will typically include the local language equivalent:
<blockquote>'''Chernivtsi Oblast''' ({{lang-uk|Чернівецька область}}, ''{{transl|uk|Chernivets’ka oblast’}}'') is an [[administrative divisions of Ukraine|oblast]] (province) in western [[Ukraine]], bordering on [[Romania]] and [[Moldova]].
</blockquote>
 
If more than one foreign equivalent is needed, put them in a separate sentence in the lead or in a Name section rather than in the opening sentence. Do not include foreign equivalents in the lead sentence just to show etymology.
 
Do not boldface foreign names not normally used in English. Some foreign terms should be italicized. These cases are described in the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Foreign terms|Manual of Style for text formatting]].
<blockquote>'''Inuit''' (plural; the singular ''Inuk'' means "man" or "person") is a general term for a group of culturally similar [[indigenous peoples]] inhabiting the [[Arctic]] regions&nbsp;...
</blockquote>


=====Pronunciation=====
=====Pronunciation=====
{{details|topic=the formatting of pronunciation in the first sentence|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation}}
:''For more details on the formatting of pronunciation in the first sentence, see [[UniWiki:Manual of Style/Pronunciation]].''
If the name of the article has a pronunciation that's not apparent from its spelling, include its [[Help:IPA|pronunciation]] in parentheses after the first occurrence of the name. Most such terms are foreign words or phrases (''[[mate (beverage)|mate]],'' ''[[coup d'état]]''), proper nouns ([[Ralph Fiennes]], [[Tuolumne River]], [[Tao Te Ching]]), or very unusual English words ([[synecdoche]], [[atlatl]]). Do not include pronunciations for names of foreign countries whose pronunciations are well known in English ([[France]], [[Poland]]).  Do not include them for common English words with pronunciations that might be counterintuitive for learners ([[laughter]], [[sword]]). If the name of the article is more than one word, include pronunciation only for the words that need it unless all are foreign (all of [[Jean van Heijenoort]] but only ''Cholmondeley'' in [[Thomas P. G. Cholmondeley]]). A fuller discussion of pronunciation can come later in the article.
If the name of the article has a pronunciation that's not apparent from its spelling, include its [[Help:IPA|pronunciation]] in parentheses after the first occurrence of the name. Most such terms are foreign words or phrases (''[[mate (beverage)|mate]],'' ''[[coup d'état]]''), proper nouns ([[Ralph Fiennes]], [[Tuolumne River]], [[Tao Te Ching]]), or very unusual English words ([[synecdoche]], [[atlatl]]). Do not include pronunciations for names of foreign countries whose pronunciations are well known in English ([[France]], [[Poland]]).  Do not include them for common English words with pronunciations that might be counterintuitive for learners ([[laughter]], [[sword]]). If the name of the article is more than one word, include pronunciation only for the words that need it unless all are foreign (all of [[Jean van Heijenoort]] but only ''Cholmondeley'' in [[Thomas P. G. Cholmondeley]]). A fuller discussion of pronunciation can come later in the article.


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