UniWiki:Manual of Style/Accessibility: Difference between revisions

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# Avoid referring to images as being on the left or right. Image placement is different for viewers of the mobile version of Wikipedia, and is meaningless to people having pages read to them by assistive software. Instead, use captions to identify images.

== Animations, videos and audio ==

= Animations, videos and audio =

~~{{Shortcut|MOS~~:~~ANIMATION}}~~

:''Further information: [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Media help|Wikipedia:Media help]], [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files|Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files]]''

{{Further|Wikipedia:Media help|Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files}}

=== Animations ===

== Animations ==

To be accessible, an animation ([[GIF]] – Graphics Interchange Format) should either:

To be accessible, an animation ([[Wikipedia:GIF|GIF]] – Graphics Interchange Format) should either:

* Not exceed a duration of five seconds (which results in making it a purely decorative element)<ref>{{Cite web| url =http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G152| title = Setting animated gif images to stop blinking after n cycles (within 5 seconds)| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | accessdate = 1 January 2011 | publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref> or

* Not exceed a duration of five seconds (which results in making it a purely decorative element), or

* Be equipped with control functions (stop, pause, play)<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G4 | title = Allowing the content to be paused and restarted from where it was paused| accessdate = 1 January 2011| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref>

* Be equipped with control functions (stop, pause, play)

This requires GIFs with animations longer than five seconds to be converted to video (to learn how, see the tutorial [//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help_talk:Converting_video&oldid=39737985#Converting_an_animated_GIF converting animated GIFs to Theora OGG]).

In addition, animations '''''must not''''' produce more than three flashes in any one-second period. Content that flashes more than that limit is known to cause seizures.<ref name="wcag 2.0 gl2.3">{{cite web | url=http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/#seizure-does-not-violate | title=Guideline 2.3 Seizures: Do not design content in a way that is known to cause seizures. | date=11 December 2008 | work=Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 | publisher=[[W3C]] | accessdate=28 May 2015}}</ref>

In addition, animations '''''must not''''' produce more than three flashes in any one-second period. Content that flashes more than that limit is known to cause seizures.

=== Video ===

== Video ==

Subtitles can be added to video, in [[Timed Text]] format. There is a corresponding help page at [[:commons:Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]]. Subtitles are meant for the transcription of speech.

Subtitles can be added to video, in [[Wikipedia:Timed Text|Timed Text]] format. There is a corresponding help page at [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Video#Subtitles_and_closed_captioning WikiMedia Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]. Subtitles are meant for the transcription of speech.

There is a need for [[closed captions]] for the hearing impaired. As of ~~November 2012~~ this is not possible, but this feature could be ~~easily~~ added ~~and has been requested~~ in ~~[[bugzilla:41694]]~~. Closed captions are meant to be viewed instead of subtitles. Closed captions provide a text version of all important information provided through the sound. It can include dialogue, sounds (natural and artificial), the setting and background, the actions and expressions of people and animals, text or graphics.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G69 | title = Providing an alternative for time based media | work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | accessdate = 1 January 2011| publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref> Off-~~Wikipedia~~ guides should be consulted for how to create closed captions.<ref>Please see : [http://main.wgbh.org/wgbh/pages/mag/services/captioning/faq/sugg-styles-conv-faq.html A quick and basic reference for closed captions], [http://www.cab-acr.ca/english/social/captioning/captioning.pdf a detailed reference (PDF)] and [http://www.dcmp.org/captioningkey/index.html a list of best practices for closed captions].</ref>

There is a need for [[Wikipedia:Closed captions:closed captions]] for the hearing impaired. As of December 2016 this is not possible, but this feature could be added in the future. Closed captions are meant to be viewed instead of subtitles. Closed captions provide a text version of all important information provided through the sound. It can include dialogue, sounds (natural and artificial), the setting and background, the actions and expressions of people and animals, text or graphics. Off-UniWiki guides should be consulted for how to create closed captions.<ref>Please see : [http://main.wgbh.org/wgbh/pages/mag/services/captioning/faq/sugg-styles-conv-faq.html A quick and basic reference for closed captions], [http://www.cab-acr.ca/english/social/captioning/captioning.pdf a detailed reference (PDF)] and [http://www.dcmp.org/captioningkey/index.html a list of best practices for closed captions].</ref>

A text version of the video would also be needed for the blind, but as of ~~November 2012~~ there is no convenient way to provide alt text for videos.

A text version of the video would also be needed for the blind, but as of December 2016 there is no convenient way to provide alt text for videos.

=== Audio ===

== Audio ==

Subtitles for speech, lyrics, dialogue, etc.<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G158 | title = Providing an alternative for time-based media for audio-only content| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | publisher = [[W3C]]| accessdate = 1 January 2011}}</ref> can easily be added to audio files. The method is similar to that of the video: [[:commons:Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]].

Subtitles for speech, lyrics, dialogue, etc. can easily be added to audio files. The method is similar to that of the video: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Video#Subtitles_and_closed_captioning WikiMedia Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning].

== Styles and markup options ==

@@ Line 189: / Line 189: @@
 # Avoid referring to images as being on the left or right. Image placement is different for viewers of  the mobile version of Wikipedia, and is meaningless to people having pages read to them by assistive software. Instead, use captions to identify images.
-== Animations, videos and audio ==
+= Animations, videos and audio =
-{{Shortcut|MOS:ANIMATION}}
+:''Further information: [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Media help|Wikipedia:Media help]], [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files|Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files]]''
-{{Further|Wikipedia:Media help|Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files}}
-=== Animations ===
+== Animations ==
-To be accessible, an animation ([[GIF]] – Graphics Interchange Format) should either:
+To be accessible, an animation ([[Wikipedia:GIF|GIF]] – Graphics Interchange Format) should either:
-* Not exceed a duration of five seconds (which results in making it a purely decorative element)<ref>{{Cite web| url =http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G152| title =  Setting animated gif images to stop blinking after n cycles (within 5 seconds)| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | accessdate = 1 January 2011 | publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref> or
+* Not exceed a duration of five seconds (which results in making it a purely decorative element), or
-* Be equipped with control functions (stop, pause, play)<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G4 | title = Allowing the content to be paused and restarted from where it was paused| accessdate = 1 January 2011| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref>
+* Be equipped with control functions (stop, pause, play)
 This requires GIFs with animations longer than five seconds to be converted to video (to learn how, see the tutorial [//commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help_talk:Converting_video&oldid=39737985#Converting_an_animated_GIF converting animated GIFs to Theora OGG]).
-In addition, animations '''''must not''''' produce more than three flashes in any one-second period. Content that flashes more than that limit is known to cause seizures.<ref name="wcag 2.0 gl2.3">{{cite web | url=http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/#seizure-does-not-violate | title=Guideline 2.3 Seizures: Do not design content in a way that is known to cause seizures. | date=11 December 2008 | work=Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 | publisher=[[W3C]] | accessdate=28 May 2015}}</ref>
+In addition, animations '''''must not''''' produce more than three flashes in any one-second period. Content that flashes more than that limit is known to cause seizures.
-=== Video ===
+== Video ==
-Subtitles can be added to video, in [[Timed Text]] format. There is a corresponding help page at [[:commons:Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]]. Subtitles are meant for the transcription of speech.
+Subtitles can be added to video, in [[Wikipedia:Timed Text|Timed Text]] format. There is a corresponding help page at [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Video#Subtitles_and_closed_captioning WikiMedia Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]. Subtitles are meant for the transcription of speech.
-There is a need for [[closed captions]] for the hearing impaired. As of November 2012 this is not possible, but this feature could be easily added and has been requested in [[bugzilla:41694]]. Closed captions are meant to be viewed instead of subtitles. Closed captions provide a text version of all important information provided through the sound. It can include dialogue, sounds (natural and artificial), the setting and background, the actions and expressions of people and animals, text or graphics.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G69 | title = Providing an alternative for time based media | work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | accessdate = 1 January 2011| publisher = [[W3C]]}}</ref> Off-Wikipedia guides should be consulted for how to create closed captions.<ref>Please see : [http://main.wgbh.org/wgbh/pages/mag/services/captioning/faq/sugg-styles-conv-faq.html A quick and basic reference for closed captions], [http://www.cab-acr.ca/english/social/captioning/captioning.pdf a detailed reference (PDF)] and [http://www.dcmp.org/captioningkey/index.html a list of best practices for closed captions].</ref>
+There is a need for [[Wikipedia:Closed captions:closed captions]] for the hearing impaired. As of December 2016 this is not possible, but this feature could be added in the future. Closed captions are meant to be viewed instead of subtitles. Closed captions provide a text version of all important information provided through the sound. It can include dialogue, sounds (natural and artificial), the setting and background, the actions and expressions of people and animals, text or graphics. Off-UniWiki guides should be consulted for how to create closed captions.<ref>Please see : [http://main.wgbh.org/wgbh/pages/mag/services/captioning/faq/sugg-styles-conv-faq.html A quick and basic reference for closed captions], [http://www.cab-acr.ca/english/social/captioning/captioning.pdf a detailed reference (PDF)] and [http://www.dcmp.org/captioningkey/index.html a list of best practices for closed captions].</ref>
-A text version of the video would also be needed for the blind, but as of November 2012 there is no convenient way to provide alt text for videos.
+A text version of the video would also be needed for the blind, but as of December 2016 there is no convenient way to provide alt text for videos.
-=== Audio ===
+== Audio ==
-Subtitles for speech, lyrics, dialogue, etc.<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20081211/G158 | title = Providing an alternative for time-based media for audio-only content| work = Techniques for WCAG 2.0 | publisher = [[W3C]]| accessdate = 1 January 2011}}</ref> can easily be added to audio files. The method is similar to that of the video: [[:commons:Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning]].
+Subtitles for speech, lyrics, dialogue, etc. can easily be added to audio files. The method is similar to that of the video: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Video#Subtitles_and_closed_captioning WikiMedia Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning].
 == Styles and markup options ==