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=== Quotation marks === | === Quotation marks === | ||
The primary use of quotation marks is to identify and enclose speech or text which is reported [[wiktionary:verbatim|verbatim]]. The term ''quotation'' in the material below also includes other uses of quotation marks such as those for titles of songs, chapters, episodes, unattributable aphorisms, [[String (computer science)|literal strings]], "[[Scare quotes|scare-quoted]]" phrases, and constructed examples. Quotation marks existing in other sources should be changed to match the format described below when being brought | The primary use of quotation marks is to identify and enclose speech or text which is reported [[wiktionary:verbatim|verbatim]]. The term ''quotation'' in the material below also includes other uses of quotation marks such as those for titles of songs, chapters, episodes, unattributable aphorisms, [[Wikipedia:String (computer science)|literal strings]], "[[Wikipedia:Scare quotes|scare-quoted]]" phrases, and constructed examples. Quotation marks existing in other sources should be changed to match the format described below when being brought onto the UniWiki. | ||
; | ; Double or single | ||
: Enclose quotations with double quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Jim ate the apple."}}). Enclose quotations inside quotations with single quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Did Jim say 'I ate the apple' after he left?"}}). This is by far the dominant convention in current practice | : Enclose quotations with double quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Jim ate the apple."}}). Enclose quotations inside quotations with single quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Did Jim say 'I ate the apple' after he left?"}}). This is by far the dominant convention in current practice. | ||
; Article openings | |||
; | |||
: In the bolded text typically appearing at the opening of an article: | : In the bolded text typically appearing at the opening of an article: | ||
:* Any quotation marks that are part of the title should be in bold just like the rest of the title (from ''[["A" Is for Alibi]]'': {{xt|'''''"A" Is for Alibi''''' is a mystery novel ...}}). | :* Any quotation marks that are part of the title should be in bold just like the rest of the title (from ''[[Wikipedia:"A" Is for Alibi|"A" Is for Alibi]]'': {{xt|'''''"A" Is for Alibi''''' is a mystery novel ...}}). | ||
:* Quotation marks ''not'' part of the article title should not be bolded (from [[Jabberwocky]]: {{xt|"'''Jabberwocky'''" is a nonsense poem ...}}; from [[Bill Clinton]]: {{xt|'''William Jefferson''' "'''Bill'''" '''Clinton''' is an American politician ...}}). | :* Quotation marks ''not'' part of the article title should not be bolded (from [[Wikipedia:Jabberwocky|Jabberwocky]]: {{xt|"'''Jabberwocky'''" is a nonsense poem ...}}; from [[Wikipedia:Bill Clinton|Bill Clinton]]: {{xt|'''William Jefferson''' "'''Bill'''" '''Clinton''' is an American politician ...}}). | ||
; | ; Block quotations | ||
: | : Use quotation marks or block quotes (not both) to distinguish long quotations from other text. Multiparagraph quotations are always block-quoted. The quotations must be precise and exactly as in the source (except for certain {{em|allowable typographical changes}}, also noted [[#Typographic conformity|above]]). The source should be cited clearly and precisely to enable readers to locate the text in question, and to quote it accurately themselves from Wikipedia. | ||
; | ; Punctuation before quotations | ||
: The use of a comma before a quotation embedded within a sentence is optional, if a non-quoted but otherwise identical construction would work grammatically without the comma: | : The use of a comma before a quotation embedded within a sentence is optional, if a non-quoted but otherwise identical construction would work grammatically without the comma: | ||
:* {{xt|The report stated "There was a 45% reduction in transmission rate."}} (Compare the non-quotation {{xt|The report stated there was a 45% reduction in transmission rate.}}) | :* {{xt|The report stated "There was a 45% reduction in transmission rate."}} (Compare the non-quotation {{xt|The report stated there was a 45% reduction in transmission rate.}}) | ||
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:* {{xt|The report stated: "There was a 45% reduction in transmission rate."}} | :* {{xt|The report stated: "There was a 45% reduction in transmission rate."}} | ||
:* {{xt|Albert Einstein wrote: "Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere."}} | :* {{xt|Albert Einstein wrote: "Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere."}} | ||
: No additional punctuation is necessary for an explicit [[ | : No additional punctuation is necessary for an explicit [[UniWiki:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Words as words|words-as-words]] scenario: | ||
:* {{xt|The message was unintelligible except for the fragments "help soon" and "how much longer before".}} | :* {{xt|The message was unintelligible except for the fragments "help soon" and "how much longer before".}} | ||
; | ; Quotation characters | ||
: | : There are two possible methods for rendering quotation marks on the UniWiki (that is, the [[Wikipedia:Quotation mark glyphs|glyphs]], displayed with emphasis here, for clarity): | ||
:* [[Quotation mark glyphs#Typewriter quotation marks|Typewriter]] or straight style: {{xt| | :* [[Wikipedia:Quotation mark glyphs#Typewriter quotation marks|Typewriter]] or straight style: {{xt|<big>'''"'''</big>text<big>'''"'''</big>}} ('''recommended for the UniWiki''') | ||
:* [[Quotation mark glyphs#Quotation marks in English|Typographic]] or curly style: {{!xt| | :* [[Wikipedia:Quotation mark glyphs#Quotation marks in English|Typographic]] or curly style: {{!xt|<big>'''“'''</big>text<big>'''”'''</big>}} ('''not recommended for the UniWiki''' – see [[#Quotation mark rationales|below]]) | ||
: Whenever quotation marks or apostrophes appear in article titles, make a redirect from the same title but using the alternative glyphs. | : Whenever quotation marks or apostrophes appear in article titles, make a redirect from the same title but using the alternative glyphs. | ||
: Do not use [[grave accent|grave]] and [[acute | : Do not use [[Wikipedia:grave accent|grave]] and [[Wikipedia:Acute accent|acute accents]] or backticks ({{!xt|<big>'''`'''</big>text<big>'''´'''</big>}}) as quotation marks (or as apostrophes). Likewise, avoid using the low-high ({{!xt|„ “}}) or [[Wikipedia:Guillemet|guillemet]] ({{!xt|« »}}) quotation marks that are common in [[Wikipedia:Non-English usage of quotation marks|several foreign languages]]. Editors may see {{!xt|′}} and {{!xt|″}} under the edit window as characters available for insertion; however, these are [[Wikipedia:prime (symbol)|prime]] and double-prime symbols, used to indicate subdivisions of the [[Wikipedia:degree (angle)|degree]], and should not be used to mark quotations. | ||
==== Reasons to prefer straight quotation marks and apostrophes ==== | ==== Reasons to prefer straight quotation marks and apostrophes ==== | ||