| Line 168: | Line 168: | ||
====Ranges==== | ====Ranges==== | ||
* Use a dash, or a word such as ''from'' or ''between'', but not both: {{xt|from 1881 to 1886}} (not {{!xt | * Use a dash, or a word such as ''from'' or ''between'', but not both: {{xt|from 1881 to 1886}} (not {{!xt|from 1881{{ndash}}1886}});{{nbsp}} {{xt|between June{{nbsp}}1 and July{{nbsp}}3}} (not {{!xt|between June{{nbsp}}1{{snd}}July{{nbsp}}3}}) | ||
* A simple '''year{{ndash}}year''' range is written using an en dash (<code>&ndash;</code> | * A simple '''year{{ndash}}year''' range is written using an en dash (<code>&ndash;</code>) not a hyphen or slash; this dash is usually {{em|unspaced}} (that is, with no space on either side); and the range's end year is usually given in full: | ||
: • {{xt|1881{{ndash}}1886}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|1881{{ndash}}1992}} (not {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}86}};{{nbsp}} | : • {{xt|1881{{ndash}}1886}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|1881{{ndash}}1992}} (not {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}86}};{{nbsp}} {{!xt|1881{{snd}}1992}}) | ||
:: | :: Markup: <code>1881{{t|ndash}}1886</code> or <code>1881&ndash;1886</code> | ||
:* '''Two-digit ending years''' ({{xt|1881{{ndash}}82}}, but never {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}882}} or {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}2}}) ''may'' be used in the case of ''two consecutive years;'' in infoboxes and tables where space is limited (using a single format consistently in any given table column); or in certain topic areas if there is a very good reason, such as matching the established convention of reliable sources. | :* '''Two-digit ending years''' ({{xt|1881{{ndash}}82}}, but never {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}882}} or {{!xt|1881{{ndash}}2}}) ''may'' be used in the case of ''two consecutive years;'' in infoboxes and tables where space is limited (using a single format consistently in any given table column); or in certain topic areas if there is a very good reason, such as matching the established convention of reliable sources. | ||
:*The '''slash notation''' ({{xt|2005/2006}}) may be used to signify a fiscal year or other special period, if that convention is used in reliable sources. | :*The '''slash notation''' ({{xt|2005/2006}}) may be used to signify a fiscal year or other special period, if that convention is used in reliable sources. | ||
| Line 177: | Line 177: | ||
* Other "simple" ranges use an {{em|unspaced}} en dash as well: | * Other "simple" ranges use an {{em|unspaced}} en dash as well: | ||
:* '''day{{ndash}}day''': {{xt|5{{ndash}}7{{nbsp}}January 1979}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|January{{nbsp}}5{{ndash}}7, 1979}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|elections were held March 5{{ndash}}8}} | :* '''day{{ndash}}day''': {{xt|5{{ndash}}7{{nbsp}}January 1979}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|January{{nbsp}}5{{ndash}}7, 1979}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|elections were held March 5{{ndash}}8}} | ||
:* '''month{{ndash}}month''': {{xt|the 1940 peak period was May{{ndash}}July}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|the peak period was May{{ndash}}July{{nbsp}}1940}};{{nbsp}} (but {{xt|the peak period was | :* '''month{{ndash}}month''': {{xt|the 1940 peak period was May{{ndash}}July}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|the peak period was May{{ndash}}July{{nbsp}}1940}};{{nbsp}} (but {{xt|the peak period was May 1940{{snd}}July 1940}} uses a {{em|spaced}} en dash; ''see below''. | ||
* If at least one of the items on either side of the en dash contains a space, then a {{em|spaced}} en dash ({{ | * If at least one of the items on either side of the en dash contains a space, then a {{em|spaced}} en dash ({{tl|snd}}) is used: | ||
:* '''between specific dates in different months''': {{xt|They travelled | :* '''between specific dates in different months''': {{xt|They travelled June{{nbsp}}3{{snd}}August{{nbsp}}18, 1952}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|They travelled 3{{nbsp}}June{{snd}}18{{nbsp}}August 1952}} | ||
:* '''between dates in different years''': | :* '''between dates in different years''': | ||
:: {{xt|'''Charles Robert Darwin''' (12{{nbsp}}February | :: {{xt|'''Charles Robert Darwin''' (12{{nbsp}}February 1809{{snd}}19{{nbsp}}April}} 1882) was an English naturalist{{nbsp}}... | ||
:: | :: Markup: <code>12{{t|nbsp}}February 1809{{t|snd}}19{{t|nbsp}}April 1882</code> or <code>12&nbsp;February 1809&nbsp;&ndash; 19&nbsp;April 1882</code> | ||
:: {{xt|'''Abraham Lincoln''' (February{{nbsp}}12, 1809{{snd}}April{{nbsp}}15, 1865) was the 16th President of{{nbsp}}...}} | :: {{xt|'''Abraham Lincoln''' (February{{nbsp}}12, 1809{{snd}}April{{nbsp}}15, 1865) was the 16th President of{{nbsp}}...}} | ||
:* '''between months in different years''': {{xt|The exception was in force August | :* '''between months in different years''': {{xt|The exception was in force August 1892{{snd}}January 1903}};{{nbsp}} {{xt|The Ghent Incursion (March 1822{{snd}}January{{nbsp}}1, 1823) was ended by the New Year's Treaty}} | ||
:: | :: Markup: <code>March 1822{{t|snd}}January{{t|nbsp}}1, 1823</code> or {{nowrap|<code>March 1822&nbsp;&ndash; January&nbsp;1, 1823</code> | ||
:* '''Where ''circa'' or other modifiers are used''': {{xt|reigned c. 1393{{snd}}1414}} {{ | :* '''Where ''circa'' or other modifiers are used''': {{xt|reigned c. 1393{{snd}}1414}} ''See {{section link||Uncertain, incomplete, or approximate dates}}, below.'' | ||
* Constructions such as | * Constructions such as {{xt|1982{{ndash}}present}} (with unspaced ndash), {{xt|January 1, 2011{{snd}}present}} (spaced ndash), or {{xt|January 2011{{snd}}present}} (spaced ndash) may be used where appropriate, but other constructions may be more appropriate in prose ''(see {{section link||Statements likely to become outdated}}). In tables and infoboxes where space is limited, ''pres.'' may be used ({{xt|1982{{ndash}}pres.}}). Do not use incomplete-looking constructions such as {{!xt|1982{{ndash}}}} and {{!xt|1982{{ndash}}... .}} | ||
* For a '''person still living''': {{xt|'''Serena Williams''' (born September{{nbsp}}26, 1981) is a{{nbsp}}...}}, not {{!xt|(September{{nbsp}}26, 1981{{snd}})}} or {{!xt|(born on September{{nbsp}}26, 1981)}}. | * For a '''person still living''': {{xt|'''Serena Williams''' (born September{{nbsp}}26, 1981) is a{{nbsp}}...}}, not {{!xt|(September{{nbsp}}26, 1981{{snd}})}} or {{!xt|(born on September{{nbsp}}26, 1981)}}. | ||
:Do not use <code>*</code> to indicate ''born''; use <code>b.</code> only where space is limited e.g. tables and infoboxes; use either <code>born</code> or <code>b.</code> consistently in any given table column. | :Do not use <code>*</code> to indicate ''born''; use <code>b.</code> only where space is limited e.g. tables and infoboxes; use either <code>born</code> or <code>b.</code> consistently in any given table column. | ||
| Line 193: | Line 193: | ||
:Do not use <code>†</code> to indicate ''died''; use <code>d.</code> only where space is limited, with consistency within any given table column. | :Do not use <code>†</code> to indicate ''died''; use <code>d.</code> only where space is limited, with consistency within any given table column. | ||
* An '''overnight period''' may be expressed using a slash between two contiguous dates: {{xt|the night raids of 30/31{{nbsp}}May 1942}} or {{xt|raids of 31{{nbsp}}May{{nbsp}}/ 1{{nbsp}}June 1942}}. | * An '''overnight period''' may be expressed using a slash between two contiguous dates: {{xt|the night raids of 30/31{{nbsp}}May 1942}} or {{xt|raids of 31{{nbsp}}May{{nbsp}}/ 1{{nbsp}}June 1942}}. | ||
: Or use an en dash: (unspaced) {{xt|raids of 30{{ndash}}31{{nbsp}}May 1942}};{{nbsp}} (spaced) {{xt|raids of | : Or use an en dash: (unspaced) {{xt|raids of 30{{ndash}}31{{nbsp}}May 1942}};{{nbsp}} (spaced) {{xt|raids of 31{{nbsp}}May{{snd}}1{{nbsp}}June 1942}}. | ||
====Uncertain, incomplete, or approximate dates==== <!--This section/anchor linked to from MOS:DATERANGE.--> | ====Uncertain, incomplete, or approximate dates==== <!--This section/anchor linked to from MOS:DATERANGE.--> | ||
Toggle search
Toggle menu
4.5K
7.6K
15.6K
232K
EVE University Wiki