| Line 387: | Line 387: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=2 | Write unit names and symbols in upright ([[Roman type|roman]]) type, except where emphasizing in context. | |rowspan=2 | Write unit names and symbols in upright ([[Wikipedia:Roman type|roman]]) type, except where emphasizing in context. | ||
| {{ xt|10{{nbsp}}m}}<br/>{{ xt|29 kilograms}} | | {{ xt|10{{nbsp}}m}}<br/>{{ xt|29 kilograms}} | ||
| {{!xt|10{{nbsp}}{{em|m}}}}<br/>{{!xt|29 {{em|kilograms}}}} | | {{!xt|10{{nbsp}}{{em|m}}}}<br/>{{!xt|29 {{em|kilograms}}}} | ||
| Line 400: | Line 400: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|...{{nbsp}}but words {{em|or}} figures may be used with unit {{em|names}}. | |...{{nbsp}}but words {{em|or}} figures may be used with unit {{em|names}}. | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|twelve minutes}} | * {{xt|twelve minutes}} | ||
* {{ xt|12 minutes | * {{xt|12 minutes}} | ||
}} | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 410: | Line 409: | ||
| {{!xt|Set the pointer to five.}} | | {{!xt|Set the pointer to five.}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Use a nonbreaking space ({{t|nbsp}} or <code>&nbsp;</code>) between a number and a unit {{em|symbol}}, | | Use a nonbreaking space ({{t|nbsp}} or <code>&nbsp;</code>) between a number and a unit {{em|symbol}},{{nbsp}}... | ||
| {{xt|29{{nbsp}}kg}}<br/>(markup: <code>29&nbsp;kg</code> or | | {{xt|29{{nbsp}}kg}}<br/>(markup: <code>29&nbsp;kg</code> or <code><nowiki>29 kg</nowiki></code>) | ||
| style="vertical-align: top"| {{!xt|29kg}} | | style="vertical-align: top"| {{!xt|29kg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ... though with certain symbols ''no'' space is used (see "Specific{{nbsp}}units" table below){{nbsp}}... | | ... though with certain symbols ''no'' space is used (see "Specific{{nbsp}}units" table below){{nbsp}}... | ||
| {{xt|23°}} {{xt|47′}} {{xt|22″}} | |||
| {{!xt|23{{nbsp}}°}} {{!xt|47{{nbsp}}′}} {{!xt|22{{nbsp}}″}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ... a normal space is used between a number and a unit {{em|name}}. | | ... a normal space is used between a number and a unit {{em|name}}. | ||
| Line 423: | Line 422: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|To form a value and a unit {{em|name}} into a compound adjective use a hyphen or hyphens{{nbsp}}... | |To form a value and a unit {{em|name}} into a compound adjective use a hyphen or hyphens{{nbsp}}... | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|a five-day holiday}} | * {{xt|a five-day holiday}} | ||
* {{ xt|a five-cubic-foot box}} | * {{xt|a five-cubic-foot box}} | ||
* {{ xt|a 10-centimeter blade | * {{xt|a 10-centimeter blade}} | ||
}} | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|... but a non-breaking space (never hyphen) separates a value and unit {{em|symbol}}. | |... but a non-breaking space (never hyphen) separates a value and unit {{em|symbol}}. | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|a blade 10 cm long | * {{xt|a blade 10 cm long}} | ||
}} | |||
| {{!xt|a 10-cm blade}} | | {{!xt|a 10-cm blade}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=5| '''Plurals'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | |rowspan=5| '''Plurals'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | ||
|[[International System of Units|SI]] unit {{em|names}} are pluralized by adding the appropriate {{xt|-s}} or {{xt|-es}} suffix{{nbsp}}... | |[[Wikipedia:International System of Units|SI]] unit {{em|names}} are pluralized by adding the appropriate {{xt|-s}} or {{xt|-es}} suffix{{nbsp}}... | ||
|{{ xt|1 ohm}}; {{xt|10 ohms}} | |{{ xt|1 ohm}}; {{xt|10 ohms}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ... except for these irregular forms. | | ... except for these irregular forms. | ||
| {{ xt|1 henry}}; {{ xt|10 henries}}<br/>{{ xt|1 hertz}}; {{ xt|10 hertz | | {{ xt|1 henry}}; {{xt|10 henries}}<br/>{{xt|1 hertz}}; {{xt|10 hertz}}<br/>{{xt|1 lux}}; {{xt|10 lux}}<br/>{{xt|1 siemens}}; {{xt|10 siemens}} | ||
|{{!xt|10 henrys }}<br/>{{!xt|10 hertzes}}<br/>{{!xt|10 luxes}}<br/>{{nbsp}} | |{{!xt|10 henrys}}<br/>{{!xt|10 hertzes}}<br/>{{!xt|10 luxes}}<br/>{{nbsp}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=2 | Some non-SI units have irregular plurals.<!-- This is meant to be placeholder which perhaps someone can expand (though foot, feet is the only example I can think of at the moment). --> | |rowspan=2 | Some non-SI units have irregular plurals.<!-- This is meant to be placeholder which perhaps someone can expand (though foot, feet is the only example I can think of at the moment). --> | ||
| Line 453: | Line 450: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Unit {{em|symbols}} (in any system) are identical in singular and plural. | |Unit {{em|symbols}} (in any system) are identical in singular and plural. | ||
| | |||
* | * {{xt|grew from 1 in to 2 in}} | ||
* | * {{xt|grew from 1 inch to 2 inches}} | ||
* | * {{xt|grew from one to two inches}} | ||
|{{!xt|grew from 1 in to 2 ins}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=5|'''Powers'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | |rowspan=5|'''Powers'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | ||
| Line 465: | Line 461: | ||
|{{!xt|km²}}<br/>(<code><s>km&#178;</s></code>) | |{{!xt|km²}}<br/>(<code><s>km&#178;</s></code>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Or use | |Or use '''squared''' or '''cubed''' ({{em|after}} the unit being modified). | ||
|rowspan=2|{{xt|ten metres per second squared}} | |rowspan=2|{{xt|ten metres per second squared}} | ||
|{{!xt|ten metres per squared second}} | |{{!xt|ten metres per squared second}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=2| For areas or volumes only, | |rowspan=2| For areas or volumes only, '''square''' or '''cubic''' may be used ({{em|before}} the unit being modified). | ||
|{{!xt|ten metres per square second}} | |{{!xt|ten metres per square second}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 475: | Line 471: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | '''sq''' or '''cu''' may be used with US customary or imperial units, but not with [[Wikipedia:International System of Units|SI]] units. | ||
| {{ xt|15{{nbsp}}sq{{nbsp}}mi}}<br/>{{ xt|3{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}ft }} | | {{ xt|15{{nbsp}}sq{{nbsp}}mi}}<br/>{{ xt|3{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}ft }} | ||
| {{!xt|15{{nbsp}}sq{{nbsp}}km}}<br/>{{!xt|3{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}m }} | | {{!xt|15{{nbsp}}sq{{nbsp}}km}}<br/>{{!xt|3{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}m }} | ||
| Line 481: | Line 477: | ||
|rowspan=4|'''Products'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | |rowspan=4|'''Products'''<!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | ||
|Indicate a product of unit {{em|names}} with either a hyphen or a space. | |Indicate a product of unit {{em|names}} with either a hyphen or a space. | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|foot-pound}} | * {{xt|foot-pound}} | ||
* {{ xt|foot pound}} | * {{xt|foot pound}} | ||
| | |||
* {{!xt|footpound}} | |||
* {{!xt|footpound | |||
* {{!xt|foot·pound}} | * {{!xt|foot·pound}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Indicate a product of unit {{em|symbols}} with <code>&[[middle dot|middot]];</code> or <code>&[[non-breaking space|nbsp]];</code> | |Indicate a product of unit {{em|symbols}} with <code>&[[Wikipedia:middle dot|middot]];</code> or <code>&[[Wikipedia:non-breaking space|nbsp]];</code> | ||
| | | | ||
* {{ xt|ms | * {{xt|ms}} = millisecond | ||
* {{ xt|m·s}} or {{xt|m{{nbsp}}s}} = metre-second | * {{xt|m·s}} or {{xt|m{{nbsp}}s}} = metre-second | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|{{em|Exception:}} In some topic areas such as power engineer{{shy}}ing, certain products take neither space nor <code>&middot;</code>. Follow the practice of reliable sources in the article's topic area. | |{{em|Exception:}} In some topic areas such as power engineer{{shy}}ing, certain products take neither space nor <code>&middot;</code>. Follow the practice of reliable sources in the article's topic area. | ||
| | |||
* [[watt hour|{{xt|Wh}}]], [[volt ampere|{{xt|VA}}]], [[ampere hour|{{xt|Ah}}]] | * [[Wikipedia:watt hour|{{xt|Wh}}]], [[Wikipedia:volt ampere|{{xt|VA}}]], [[Wikipedia:ampere hour|{{xt|Ah}}]] | ||
* {{xt|kWh}}, {{xt|MVA}}, {{xt|GAh}} | * {{xt|kWh}}, {{xt|MVA}}, {{xt|GAh}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|To pluralize a product of unit {{em|names}}, pluralize only the final unit. (Unit {{em|symbols}} are never pluralized.) | |To pluralize a product of unit {{em|names}}, pluralize only the final unit. (Unit {{em|symbols}} are never pluralized.) | ||
|{{ xt|ten foot-pounds}} | |{{xt|ten foot-pounds}} | ||
|{{!xt|ten feet-pounds}} | |{{!xt|ten feet-pounds}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 514: | Line 506: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=2|Indicate a ratio of unit {{em|symbols}} with a forward slash (<code>/</code>), followed by either a single symbol or a parenthesized product of symbols{{snd}}do not use multiple slashes. Or use{{nbsp}}<sup>−1</sup>,{{nbsp}}<sup>−2</sup>, etc. | |rowspan=2|Indicate a ratio of unit {{em|symbols}} with a forward slash (<code>/</code>), followed by either a single symbol or a parenthesized product of symbols{{snd}}do not use multiple slashes. Or use{{nbsp}}<sup>−1</sup>,{{nbsp}}<sup>−2</sup>, etc. | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|metre per second}} | * {{xt|metre per second}} | ||
* {{ xt|m/s}} | * {{xt|m/s}} | ||
* {{ xt|m·s<sup>−1</sup>}} | * {{xt|m·s<sup>−1</sup>}} | ||
| | |||
* {{!xt|mps}} | * {{!xt|mps}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|kg/(m·s)}} | * {{xt|kg/(m·s)}} | ||
* {{ xt|kg·m<sup>−1</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>}} | * {{xt|kg·m<sup>−1</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>}} | ||
| | |||
* {{!xt|kg/m·s}} | * {{!xt|kg/m·s}} | ||
* {{!xt|kg/m/s | * {{!xt|kg/m/s}} | ||
}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|To pluralize a ratio of unit {{em|names}}, pluralize only the numerator unit. (Unit {{em|symbols}} are never pluralized.) | |To pluralize a ratio of unit {{em|names}}, pluralize only the numerator unit. (Unit {{em|symbols}} are never pluralized.) | ||
| | |||
* | * {{xt|ten newton-metres per second}} | ||
* {{xt|10 N·m/s}} | * {{xt|10 N·m/s}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Some of the special forms used in the imperial and US customary systems are shown here{{nbsp}}... | |Some of the special forms used in the imperial and US customary systems are shown here{{nbsp}}... | ||
| | | | ||
* {{ xt|mph}} = miles per hour | * {{xt|mph}} = miles per hour | ||
* {{ xt|mpg}} = miles per gallon | * {{xt|mpg}} = miles per gallon | ||
* {{ xt|psi}} = [[pound (force)| | * {{xt|psi}} = [[Wikipedia:pound (force)|pounds]] per square inch | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan=2| ... but only the slash or negative exponent notations are used with SI (and other metric) units. | |rowspan=2| ... but only the slash or negative exponent notations are used with SI (and other metric) units. | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|g/m<sup>2</sup> | * {{xt|g/m<sup>2</sup>}} | ||
* {{ xt|g·m<sup>−2</sup> | * {{xt|g·m<sup>−2</sup>}} | ||
}} | |||
| {{!xt|gsm}} | | {{!xt|gsm}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |||
* {{ xt|km/h | * {{xt|km/h}} | ||
* {{ xt|km·h<sup>−1</sup> | * {{xt|km·h<sup>−1</sup>}} | ||
}} | |||
| {{!xt|kph}} | | {{!xt|kph}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 563: | Line 547: | ||
|Prefixes should not be separated by a space or hyphen. | |Prefixes should not be separated by a space or hyphen. | ||
|{{ xt|25 kilopascals}} | |{{ xt|25 kilopascals}} | ||
| | |||
* {{!xt|25 kilo pascals}} | * {{!xt|25 kilo pascals}} | ||
* {{!xt|25 kilo-pascals}} | * {{!xt|25 kilo-pascals}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Prefixes are added without contraction, | | Prefixes are added without contraction, except as shown here: | ||
| {{ xt|kilohm }}<br/>{{ xt|megohm }}<br/>{{xt|hectare}} | | {{ xt|kilohm }}<br/>{{ xt|megohm }}<br/>{{xt|hectare}} | ||
| {{!xt|kiloohm}}<br/>{{!xt|megaohm}}<br/>{{!xt|hectoare}} | | {{!xt|kiloohm}}<br/>{{!xt|megaohm}}<br/>{{!xt|hectoare}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|The {{xtn|centi-}}, {{xtn|deci-}}, {{xtn|deca-}}, and {{xtn|hecto-}} prefixes should generally be avoided; exceptions include | |The {{xtn|centi-}}, {{xtn|deci-}}, {{xtn|deca-}}, and {{xtn|hecto-}} prefixes should generally be avoided; exceptions include centimetre, decibel, hectolitre, hectare, and hectopascal. | ||
|{{plainlist| | |{{plainlist| | ||
* {{ xt|100 metres}} | * {{ xt|100 metres}} | ||
* {{ xt|0.1 km}} | * {{ xt|0.1 km}} | ||
|{{!xt|1 hectometre}} | |{{!xt|1 hectometre}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 585: | Line 567: | ||
|rowspan=4|'''Mixed<br />units'''<!-- ← Use <br /> to make this column as narrow as possible.--><!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | |rowspan=4|'''Mixed<br />units'''<!-- ← Use <br /> to make this column as narrow as possible.--><!-- WARNING! ADJUST ROWSPAN WHEN ADDING/REMOVING ROWS FROM A GROUP OF RULES --> | ||
|rowspan=2| Mixed units are traditionally used with the imperial and US customary systems{{nbsp}}... | |rowspan=2| Mixed units are traditionally used with the imperial and US customary systems{{nbsp}}... | ||
| | |||
* {{xt|a wall 1 ft 1 in thick}} | * {{xt|a wall 1 ft 1 in thick}} | ||
* {{xt|a wall 1 foot 1 inch thick }} | * {{xt|a wall 1 foot 1 inch thick}} | ||
* {{xt|a man 6 feet 2 inches tall}} | * {{xt|a man 6 feet 2 inches tall}} | ||
* {{xt|a 6-foot 2-inch man}} | * {{xt|a 6-foot 2-inch man}} | ||
* {{xt|a 6 ft 2 in man}} | * {{xt|a 6 ft 2 in man}} | ||
| | |||
* {{!xt|1 ft{{hsp}}, 1 in}} (no comma) | |||
* | |||
* {{!xt|1 foot{{hsp}}, 1 inch}} | * {{!xt|1 foot{{hsp}}, 1 inch}} | ||
* {{!xt|a man 6 foot 2 tall}} | * {{!xt|a man 6 foot 2 tall}} | ||
* {{!xt|a 6-foot 2 man}} | * {{!xt|a 6-foot 2 man}} | ||
* {{nbsp}} | * {{nbsp}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |||
* {{xt|1 US fl pt 8 oz}} | * {{xt|1 US fl pt 8 oz}} | ||
* {{xt|1 US fl pt 8 US fl oz}} | * {{xt|1 US fl pt 8 US fl oz}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|... and in expressing time durations{{nbsp}}... | |... and in expressing time durations{{nbsp}}... | ||
| | |||
* {{xt|1:30:07}} | * {{xt|1:30:07}} | ||
* {{xt|1:30}}{{thinsp}}<ref group="note">Only use this format if it is clear from the context whether this means hours and minutes (H:MM) or minutes and seconds (M:SS).</ref> | * {{xt|1:30}}{{thinsp}}<ref group="note">Only use this format if it is clear from the context whether this means hours and minutes (H:MM) or minutes and seconds (M:SS).</ref> | ||
* {{xt | * {{xt|1 h 30 min 7 s}} | ||
* {{xt | * {{xt|01<sup>h</sup> 30<sup>m</sup> 07<sup>s</sup>}} <ref>This format is used in astronomy (see the IAU Style Manual for details).</ref>}} | ||
}} | || | ||
| | * {{!xt|1:30′07″}} | ||
* {{!xt | * {{!xt|1 hr 30 min 7 sec}} | ||
* {{!xt | * {{!xt|1 h 30 m 7 s}} | ||
* {{!xt | |||
}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|... but are not normally used in SI. | |... but are not normally used in SI. | ||
| | |||
* {{xt|1.33 m }} | * {{xt|1.33 m }} | ||
* {{xt|133 cm }} | * {{xt|133 cm }} | ||
|{{!xt|1 m 33 cm}} | |{{!xt|1 m 33 cm}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Specific units=== | ===Specific units=== | ||
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